Seven patients presented with vesicovaginal fistulas (43%), of which one healed spontaneously. Eight patients had ureterovaginal fistulas. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Includes "Cardinal Presentations" sections that provide quick and easy guidance on differential diagnosis and directed testing. [books.google.com]

If neither portion is stained but the upper sponge is wet, a ureterovaginal fistula may be present. [aafp.org]

• Swelling of the Finger

  Removal of a ring trapped on a finger may require use of a manual ring cutter. A ring cutter should be tried whenever there is excessive swelling, evidence of finger ischemia, or when other methods fail. [merckmanuals.com]

• Flank Mass

  Other signs of urinary tract trauma include crepitus and a flank mass. Bladder rupture leads to severe pain in the hypogastrium on palpation or swelling from extravasation of blood and urine in the suprapubic area. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

  Halsell RD II 60 pts Prospective Blunt criteria: blunt abdominal trauma, hematuria >5RBC/hpf, low rib fractures, T12-L3 transverse process fractures, fall >10’, flank mass, tender flank. [east.org]

• Abdominal Rigidity

  - Suprapubic tenderness present but no dullness. - Varying degree of abdominal rigidity and distension and sometimes shifting dullness. - P/R examination: bulging of rectovesical pouch. 11. [slideshare.net]

  Signs of peritoneal irritation (abdominal rigidity, rebound tenderness, and voluntary guarding) may also be present because of extravasation of blood or urine into the peritoneal cavity. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Absent Bowel Sounds

  Absent bowel sounds and signs of peritoneal irritation, indicating a possible intraperitoneal bladder rupture. Bruising in suprapubic region. Swelling of the scrotum, perineum, abdominal wall and/or thighs may occur. [patient.info]

• Hypotension

  Presenting features There may be hypovolaemia, hypotension and shock. Clinical signs of bladder injury are relatively nonspecific. The following may occur: Macroscopic haematuria. [patient.info]

  Previous studies indicated that hypovolemia, hypotension, sepsis, the use of nephrotoxic drugs, contrast media and urinary obstruction were AKI risk factors in UTI patients [ 23, 24 ]. [journals.plos.org]

  Portable films were obtained 5-10 minutes following the injection. 19 patients (47.5%) were hypotensive (BP = 90 mm Hg. Before this, 19 patients put in 36 gunshot wounds, 4 stab wounds. [east.org]

• Nail Deformity

  The nail subsequently regrows but may be deformed if the nail bed was damaged by the original injury. Inadvertent contact of the trephination device with the nail bed is painful but does not cause enough damage to produce nail deformity. [merckmanuals.com]

• Grey Turner's Sign

  Inspect the lower back and flank for Grey-Turner’s sign or bruising because of a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Note any abdominal distention. To identify lower urinary tract trauma, inspect the urinary meatus to determine the presence of blood. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

• Joint Stiffness

  stiffness Commercially available knee immobilizer* * There are different brands, but they all typically consist of a heavy foam/cloth wrap that extends from mid-calf to mid-thigh. [merckmanuals.com]

• Denial

  […] early necessary medical treatment Providing confinement or isolation of the elderly individual Unnecessary restraint in a chair or bed Failure to follow doctor orders Failure to provide the right prevention or treatment of bedsores (decubitus ulcers) Denial [rosenfeldinjurylawyers.com]

• Type A Personality

  Continue Reading » Published: December 4, 2017 | Category: News When you need to go, you need to go – unless you’re the type of person who has a hard time telling. [spinalcordinjuryzone.com]

• Clear Vaginal Discharge

  Unrecognized bladder injuries may be associated with a clear watery vaginal discharge immediately or several days after surgery. [aafp.org]

Ped Clin North Am 48:1539–1557 CrossRef Google Scholar Mingin GC, Hinds A, Nguyen HT, Baskin LS (2004) Children with a febrile urinary tract infection and a negative radiologic workup: factors predictive of recurrence. [link.springer.com]

Peterson NE III Retrospective review of 157 penetrating; 225 blunt pts Workup consisted of IVP, retrograde cysto- urethrography; occasional arteriography and CT. [east.org]

• Ground Glass Appearance

  • Haziness or ground glass appearance in lower abdomen due to extravasated blood and urine. i. [slideshare.net]

These injuries require urgent treatment and close teamwork between urologic and orthopaedic surgeons. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Kidney Injuries Treatment for kidney injuries depends on the type and severity of the injury, and whether the patient has any other injuries. [ucsfhealth.org]

Anytime there is a failure to diagnose a UTI in a timely manner and start treatments, it can lead to devastating results including serious harm, or death. [rosenfeldinjurylawyers.com]

Promising treatments In the future it will be possible to regenerate muscle with stem cells. Anterior root stimulators may become an alternative treatment to restore functional voiding. [cmej.org.za]

It should be a focus of treatment strategies. [books.google.com]

[…] anterolaterally extraluminal contrast into perivesical space (simple) molar tooth sign extension of extraluminal contrast to the thigh, scrotum or perineum (complex) combined mixed features of intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal rupture Treatment and prognosis [radiopaedia.org]

Erectile dysfunction occurs in 20-60% of patients after traumatic urethral rupture. [ 9 ] Prognosis Traumatic bladder ruptures were once uniformly fatal. They are currently usually managed successfully. [patient.info]

The best predictor of prognosis is the level and completeness of injury, as measured by the ASIA impairment scale.[121] The neurological score at the initial evaluation done 72 hours after injury is the best predictor of how much function will return. [en.wikipedia.org]

Lack of fever may contribute to lower resistance to infection, delayed recovery [ 17 ], higher mortality rate, and poor prognosis [ 46 ]. [journals.plos.org]

OBJECTIVE: To perform a comprehensive literature review of the incidence, location, etiology, timing, management, and long-term sequelae of urinary tract injury in gynecologic laparoscopy for benign indication. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

URETHRAL INJURIESURETHRAL INJURIES  Injuries of membranous urethra:  Etiology: I. [slideshare.net]

Etiology Bladder rupture can be categorized into five types depending on the location and extent of the rupture: Bladder contusion This is commonly seen but sometimes not classed as true rupture, since it involves an incomplete tear of the mucosa. [radiopaedia.org]

Incidence, etiology, and risk factors for fever following acute spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2006;29:501-506（ V ） 13） Montgomerie JZ. Infections in patients with spinal cord injuries. [minds.jcqhc.or.jp]

J Am Acad Dermatol 35:486–487 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar Pandhi RK, Kumar AS, Satish DA, Bhutani LK (1984) Fixed drug eruptions on male genitalia: clinical and etiologic study. [link.springer.com]

Finally, all primary data were collected according to procedures outlined in epidemiology guidelines to strengthen the reporting of observational studies. [journals.plos.org]

Clinical Epidemiology. 6: 309–31. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S68889. PMC 4179833. PMID 25278785. ^ Field-Fote 2009, p. 3. ^ Devivo MJ (May 2012). "Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury: trends and future implications". [en.wikipedia.org]

Scand J Urol Nephrol 148 [Suppl]:1–47 Google Scholar Giwercman A, von der Maase H, Skakkebæk NE (1993) Epidemiological and clinical aspects of carcinoma in situ of the testis. [link.springer.com]

Epidemiology and risk factors for urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury. J Urol 2000;164:1285-1289（ V ） 4） Biering-Sørensen F, Bagi P, Høiby N. Urinary tract infections in patients with spinal cord lesions. [minds.jcqhc.or.jp]

Pathophysiology SCIs are common, especially in South Africa, where road accidents and violent crimes often occur. SCIs do not usually cause complete anatomical transection of the cord. [cmej.org.za]

Pathophysiology and Management of Fever. J Support Oncol. 2006; 4: 9–16. View Article Google Scholar 18. Kushimoto S, Yamanouchi S, Endo T, Sato T, Nomura R, Fujita M, et al. [journals.plos.org]

"Epidemiology, demographics, and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury". Spine. 26 (24 Suppl): S2–12. doi:10.1097/00007632-200112151-00002. [en.wikipedia.org]

Like with other preventive plans such as vaccination, for instance, it is important to explore the effectiveness of this new preventive approach. [clinicaltrials.gov]

Of concern is the fact that most of the ureteric injuries were diagnosed post operatively which means that further vigilance and preventive strategies need to be designed. © 2007 S. [karger.com]

Effective methods to prevent UTI in people with SCI have been sought for many years. [cochrane.org]

Therefore, continuous follow-up of the SCI and the patient’s urinary tract is important to prevent long-term complications, especially to the upper tract. [cmej.org.za]