When uveal melanoma presents in an atypical way, the diagnosis is more difficult. This case highlights the uncommon presentations of malignant melanoma of the choroid. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Goiter

  We report the case of metastatic uveal melanoma in a woman with multinodular goiter and primary hyperparathyroidism. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Enophthalmos

  Post-enucleation anophthalmic ptosis occurred after 8/49 (16%) of primary cases (vs. 13/30, 43%, p 0.02) and prosthetic enophthalmos after none (0%) of primary cases (vs. 5/30, 17%, p 0.006). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Macrocephaly

  GNAQ Specificity 100 % Genes 20 % Macrocephaly. By MGZ Medical Genetics Center in Germany. PTEN, ASPA, TSC2, TSC1, NSD1, PTCH1, CDKN1C, GPC3, MLC1, EIF2B5, L1CAM, WASHC5, SETD2, OFD1, GRIA3, SYN1, CUL4B, RAB39B, GFAP, MED12, (...) [mendelian.co]

• Cranial Neuropathy

  Two months later, she developed cranial neuropathies and was found to have a large skull base lesion that required surgical debulking for pain palliation. Histopathology confirmed the lesion to be metastatic melanoma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When distant metastases are found during the initial systemic workup, treatment of the intraocular melanoma itself becomes palliative. [emedicine.com]

If one of the high-risk indicators, mentioned previously is found, there is reasonable evidence for potential growth and many authorities recommend advancing the workup and obtaining a biopsy. [eyewiki.aao.org]

• Karyotype Abnormal

  Cytogenetic investigation of uveal melanoma (UM) has revealed that monosomy 3 is the most frequent karyotypic abnormality, present in approximately 60% of cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, the new treatment may become the standard treatment. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. [cancer.gov]

Several modes of treatment are available for choroidal melanomas. [emedicine.com]

Best response to treatment was stable disease in four patients. Eight out of 15 (53%) patients received treatment until first tumor assessment. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

To characterise a histologically unusual paediatric uveal melanoma by gene expression and karyotypic profiling and assess prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The scope of this review is to discuss the differences in tumorigenic processes (etiologic factors and genetic alterations) and tumor biology (gene expression and signaling pathways) between CM and UM. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a proven risk factor for skin melanoma, the role of UV light in the etiology of uveal melanoma is still contradictory. [ingentaconnect.com]

Etiology Clinical features Diagnostics Pathology Cytology Spindle-shaped cells: best prognosis Type A thin nucleus and no visible nucleoli Type B large nucleus and visible nucleoli Epithelioid melanoma : poor prognosis Large polygonal cells and prominent [amboss.com]

Etiology Despite a large amount of epidemiological and molecular studies, the etiology of uveal melanoma remains largely obscure. [atlasgeneticsoncology.org]

Article Navigation Affiliations of authors: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biometry and Informatics, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany (AS, AS-P); Department of Epidemiology, [doi.org]

Epidemiology Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

The Authors reviewed literature concerning epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of uveal melanoma, and its clinical, histopathological and cytogenetic prognosticators. Copyright 2017, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

An ambitious multidisciplinary approach is proposed to move from patient tissue to the preclinical evaluation of single drugs or combinations and the generation of scientific knowledge of UM pathophysiology. [universiteitleiden.nl]

The pathophysiology of uveal melanoma is currently not well understood. [eyewiki.aao.org]

Pathophysiology Melanoma in the ciliary body poses a serious threat to life. It usually remains hidden behind the iris diaphragm, growing undetected for longer periods of time than melanoma in the iris or choroid. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Alternatively, PC's overexpression is required to sustain these pathophysiological functions to maintain cancer cells immortality. [0009] The situation becomes more complex as the expression/activity of PCs is modulated differently in various cancer cells [google.com]

Patients with phthisical eyes should undergo appropriate imaging techniques to prevent a missed diagnosis of optic nerve involvement. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This randomized phase II trial studies how well sunitinib malate or valproic acid works in preventing high-risk uveal (eye) melanoma from spreading to other parts of the body. [clinicaltrials.gov]