Antigen administered via different anatomical sites interacts with diverse subsets of antigen presenting cells. Diverse population of antigen presenting cells directs a drastically different immune response. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Fever

  The most common grade 2 adverse events were fever (38%) and subcutaneous injection site reactions (33%); the single grade 3 toxicity was transient fever. Overall, 19 of 21 patients on trial had stable (10) or improved (9) PSA values. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Deferral should be considered in acute illness (for example, in the presence of fever) or in patients with active untreated tuberculosis. Before administering ZOSTAVAX ® (Zoster Vaccine Live), please read the Prescribing Information. [merckvaccines.com]

  Some examples of “live” vaccines include those against herpes zoster (Zostavax), the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, and yellow fever vaccines. [oncologynurseadvisor.com]

• Anemia

  OBJECTIVE: To describe 2 cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) following the administration of MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Influenza virus infection has been reported to induce several hematological disorders such as leukocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia [ 8, 9 ]. [omicsonline.org]

• Pertussis

  Abstract Cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses to an acellular pertussis vaccine administered to 49 subjects, a subset of participants in the National Institutes of Health-funded adult acellular pertussis vaccine efficacy trial, were evaluated and compared [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Administering a trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) on the same day as either a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) or a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular-pertussis (DTaP)-containing vaccine is associated with a higher risk for febrile seizure [clinicaladvisor.com]

  As a result, outbreaks of diseases made uncommon by vaccination (eg, measles, pertussis) are becoming more common among unvaccinated children in North America and Europe. [merckmanuals.com]

• Regurgitation

  If an incomplete dose of an oral vaccine is administered for any reason (e.g., infant spits or regurgitates the vaccine) a replacement dose should not be administered. Rotavirus vaccine can be given by NG or NJ tube. [canada.ca]

  ACIP does not recommend readministering a dose of rotavirus vaccine to an infant who regurgitates, spits out, or vomits during or after administration. No data exist on the benefits or risks associated with readministering a dose. [cdc.gov]

• Urticaria

  A 65-year-old man developed an extensive dermatitis with pruritus, urticaria, and petechiae 1 week after receiving an intramuscular injection o the vaccine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  These signs and symptoms can include, but are not limited to: flushing, facial edema, urticaria, itching, swelling of the mouth or throat, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. [cdc.gov]

• Dermatitis

  A 65-year-old man developed an extensive dermatitis with pruritus, urticaria, and petechiae 1 week after receiving an intramuscular injection o the vaccine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Skin Discoloration

  Administering a vaccine containing an adjuvant either subcutaneously or intradermally can cause local irritation, induration, skin discoloration, inflammation, and granuloma formation. [cdc.gov]

• Withdrawn

  Moreover, 28 months have passed since the recommendation for HPV vaccination was withdrawn, and new HPV vaccine-related symptoms have not been observed during our 14-month follow-up period. [link.springer.com]

  For inactivated vaccines manufacturers, typically recommend use within the same day that a vaccine is withdrawn or reconstituted. [cdc.gov]

  Pre-loading vaccine in syringes Ideally, a vaccine should be withdrawn from the vial immediately before use by the vaccine provider who is administering the vaccine. [canada.ca]

• Confusion

  Myths and misinformation about vaccine safety abound and can confuse parents who are trying to make sound decisions about their children's health care. However, we cannot take continued high immunization coverage levels for granted. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Some of the most common vaccination administration errors include: Not following the recommended immunization schedule Administering improperly stored or expired vaccine and/or diluent Administering the wrong vaccine—confusing look-alike or sound-alike [essentialelements.naccho.org]

  This can be a bit confusing if the product is labeled with a 10-digit NDC, as HIPAA requires that NDC have 11-digits. To correctly report the NDC in the HIPPA format, you may have to translate the NDC. [aafp.org]

  This precaution prevents confusion between manifestations of the underlying illness and possible adverse effects of the vaccine and prevents superimposition of adverse effects of the vaccine on the underlying illness. [merckmanuals.com]

  Stocking multiple brands may lead to staff confusion and vaccine administration errors. Use standardized abbreviations to avoid confusion about which vaccines have been administered. See ACIP Abbreviations for Vaccines. [cdc.gov]

• Rabies

  Responses to rabies and Vi typhoid vaccines were assessed in 257 adults from Lahore, Pakistan (mean age 29.4 years, males 57%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Other vaccines (eg, rabies, BCG, typhoid, yellow fever ) are not routinely given but are recommended only for specific people and circumstances (see the CDC's Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule and under the specific disorder, elsewhere in T he M [merckmanuals.com]

  Doses of rabies vaccine administered in the gluteal site should not be counted as valid doses and should be repeated. [quizlet.com]

  Similarly, doses of rabies vaccine administered in the gluteal site should not be counted as valid doses and should be repeated ( 47 ). [cdc.gov]

• Febrile Seizures

  Of these, 333 febrile seizure events were able to be confirmed by medical charts and were included in the analysis. Only PCV 7-valent had an independent risk for febrile seizure (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.98). [clinicaladvisor.com]

  Studies of children with previous febrile seizures have not demonstrated antipyretics to be effective in the prevention of febrile seizures ( 43 ). [cdc.gov]

  There is no evidence that antipyretics prevent febrile seizures. [canada.ca]

• Seizure

  Of these, 333 febrile seizure events were able to be confirmed by medical charts and were included in the analysis. Only PCV 7-valent had an independent risk for febrile seizure (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.98). [clinicaladvisor.com]

  Studies of children with previous febrile seizures have not demonstrated antipyretics to be effective in the prevention of febrile seizures ( 43 ). [cdc.gov]

  There is no evidence that antipyretics prevent febrile seizures. [canada.ca]

• Asthenia

  A 74-year-old white woman developed severe abdominal pain and asthenia 3 days after the administration of influenza vaccine. Clinical signs and laboratory evaluations disclosed AIHA. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  During these headaches, she experienced short-term asthenia with aphonia, and after repeated attacks, she experienced transient memory disturbance, including the inability to remember her address and name, difficulty in concentrating while studying, and [link.springer.com]

• Streptococcus Pneumoniae

  The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified pneumococcal infections, caused by Streptococcus pneumonia, as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [ 15 ]. [bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com]

  Asplenic patients are predisposed to overwhelming bacteremic infection, primarily due to encapsulated organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, or Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). [merckmanuals.com]

There was a marked increase in CD4+ (p = 0.0002) and CD8+ (p = 0.0002) tumor infiltrates in post- versus pre-treatment tumor biopsies. Four of 9 patients evaluated had peripheral immune responses to PSA or NGEP. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She achieved remission after treatment with oral corticosteroids (Mamori et al. [ 31 ]). [omicsonline.org]

As a general rule, patients receiving immunosuppressive chemotherapy should avoid live vaccines while undergoing treatment. [oncologynurseadvisor.com]

Numerous medications, ultraviolet light, and radiation have all been implicated in the etiology of the disease. We present a patient with pemphigus vulgaris whose disease developed after administration of anthrax vaccine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Furthermore, Evans syndrome is diagnosed by the simultaneous presence of ITP and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), which is detected using a direct antiglobulin test in the absence of an underlying etiology [ 6 ]. [omicsonline.org]

Outcomes and Policy, College of Medicine, and the Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida,Gainesville, FL; ‡Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD; §Cancer Epidemiology [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Gerbner and Offit reviewed epidemiologic and biologic studies concerning this issue and found no evidence to support an association between use of vaccines and risk of autism ( 1 ). [merckmanuals.com]

Kurata Y, Fujimura K, Kuwana M, Tomiyama Y, Murata M (2011) Epidemiology of primary immune thrombocytopenia in children and adults in Japan: a population-based study and literature review. Int J Hematol 93: 329-335. [omicsonline.org]

Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in the United States, 1995–1998: opportunities for prevention in the conjugate vaccine era. J Am Med Assoc. 2001;285:1729–35. [bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com]

Further large-scale studies are required to clarify the pathophysiology of these symptoms and to establish the necessary treatment for affected patients. [link.springer.com]

Abstract Vaccine-preventable disease levels in the United States are at or near record lows. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevention of herpes zoster: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2008;57(RR-5):1–30. 4. Johnson RW, Bouhassira D, Kassianos G, et al. [merckvaccines.com]

Administration Coding Example An 11-year old girl presents for a preventive visit (99393). [aafp.org]

How to Prevent SIRVA SIRVA is thought to occur when a vaccine is incorrectly injected too high on the shoulder. [pharmacytimes.com]