Vaccine strain of the type 3 poliovirus was isolated in fecal culture and a presented mutation in nucleotide 472 (C-->U) in the 5' non-coding region, which is strongly related to the higher strain virulence. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

VAPP may be the first presentation of some primary immunodeficient patients. [web.keminet.al]

VACCINE-ASSOCIATED PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION DURING THE PERIOD OF CHANGES IN VACCINATION SCHEDULE (2006-2013 yy.)]. ( 27145594 ) Ivanova O.E....Kozlovskaja L.I. 2016 11 Vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis cases from children presenting [malacards.org]

• Fever

  CONCLUSIONS: Cases of AFP who received OPV between 4 and 40 days before the onset of paralysis and had fever, a prodrome of gastrointestinal symptoms, history of first dose of OPV, isolation of vaccine poliovirus type 2, and young age deserve careful [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  A type of enterovirus, polio usually causes infections without symptoms or very mild symptoms, including a low-grade fever and sore throat. [verywell.com]

  What causes diseases to wax and wane in time and space is a theme of contemporary scientific interest as we seek to understand the appearance of new conditions such as Ebola fever, Legionnaires' disease and HIV, and this book contributes to our comprehension [books.google.com]

• Recurrent Bacterial Infection

  X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is characterized by recurrent bacterial infections in affected males in the first two years of life. [web.keminet.al]

• Increased Susceptibility to Infections

  The absence of functional BTK protein blocks B-cell development and leads to a lack of antibodies, causing an increased susceptibility to infections in people with XLA (26). [web.keminet.al]

• Recurrent Otitis Media

  Infants typically develop recurrent otitis media, pneumonia, and sinusitis before the age of one year, but always after the first three months of life. The infectious agents involved are usually S. Pneumoniae or H. Influenzae, type b. [web.keminet.al]

• Dysphagia

  This may cause autonomic features - eg, hyper/hypotension, respiratory failure, and bulbar symptoms, such as dysphagia and dysphonia. Rarely, acute encephalitis can occur from poliovirus. [patient.info]

• Chronic Diarrhea

  Beginning at 2 months of age, he had chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, and failure to thrive. Recurrent episodes of pneumonia also developed, beginning when the boy was 4 months of age. OPV was administered at birth and at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

• Myalgia

  Symptoms then recur with myalgia, severe muscle spasms and meningism for a few days. Next there is asymmetrical, flaccid motor paralysis, predominantly lower-limb. This maximises at 48 hours. [patient.info]

• Headache

  Most commonly, they will experience a slight temperature, malaise, headache, a sore throat or intestinal problems. [vactruth.com]

  About 1 out of 4 people with poliovirus infection will have flu-like symptoms that may include: Sore throat Fever Tiredness Nausea Headache Stomach pain These symptoms usually last 2 to 5 days and then go away on their own. [health.hawaii.gov]

  Among other symptoms are fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck and pain in the limbs. Anyone can be affected, but children under 5 years of age are particularly at risk. [pediatricianuae.wordpress.com]

  The first signs of APP: headache; vomiting fatigue fever pain in the limbs. This is followed by the development of flaccid paralysis, most often of the extremities. Within 2 months the muscles begin to recover. [back.vsebolezni.com]

  If symptoms occur, they may include headache, gastrointestinal disturbance, malaise, and stiffness of the neck and back, with or without paralysis. Aseptic meningitis may also occur. [health.qld.gov.au]

• Mononeuropathy

  Electrodiagnostic studies of the affected limb indicated femoral nerve mononeuropathy. One of 2 additional fecal specimens collected was positive for VDPV type 2. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

• Radiculitis

  In the suspect of an inflammatory meningo-radiculitis, polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) at the dose of 1 g/kg/day for two days were started, along with acyclovir and cefotaxime, followed by prompt respiratory function improvement. [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]

• Clonus

  The term “flaccid” indicates the absence of spasticity or other signs of disordered central nervous system (CNS) motor tracts such as hyperflexia, clonus, or extensor plantar responses. [health.qld.gov.au]

The advanced virology workup was done at ERC, Mumbai. [indianpediatrics.net]

Immunologic workup showed hypogammaglobulinemia and diminished CD19+ B lymphocytes. The final diagnosis was X-linked agammaglobulinemia. The patient was treated with intravenous Ig and physical therapy. Follow-up fecal cultures showed no virus. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

Diagnostic workup and treatment were performed in Italy. Poliovirus replicated in the gut for 7 months. The 5’ non coding region (NCR), VP1, VP3 capsid proteins and the 3D polymerase genomic regions of sequential isolates were sequenced. [bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com]

• Lymphopenia

  Laboratory results showed lymphopenia; anemia; decreased levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, and IgM; and diminished CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-cell counts ( Table 2 ). VDPV type 2 was isolated from both of his collected fecal specimens. [wwwnc.cdc.gov]

  Laboratory results showed lymphopenia and anemia. The levels of immunoglobulin subclasses (IgA, IgM) were low and the CD19+ and CD20+B-lymphocytes count was diminished. The level of immunoglobulin G (IgG) was normal. [web.keminet.al]

Treatment There is no specific treatment for polio. Care of patients with polio consists of ensuring adequate intake of fluids and bed rest. Patients with serious symptoms may need treatment specific to their problem. [health.hawaii.gov]

He is currently involved in multiple clinical trials of novel genetic interventions for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. [books.google.com]

[…] the ventilation of the lungs; of antivirals in VAPP does not exist, treatment is aimed at relieving severe symptoms; massage, exercise therapy, physical therapy and water treatments; patient can be discharged not earlier than 40 days. [back.vsebolezni.com]

A number of epidemics of poliomyelitis between 1914 and 1962 are related to children with congenital syphilis or yaws under treatment with arsenicals or penicillin. [whale.to]

This treatment revitalizes mainly the skin and is also used with Ayurvedic anti-ageing treatments. [ijpsr.com]

Prognosis [ 3 ] The milder spectrum of poliovirus infection (asymptomatic or flu-like illness only) carries no specific complications. With paralytic polio, muscle function may return gradually. [patient.info]

The prognosis for children with XLA has improved in the last 30 years as a result of earlier diagnosis, development of preparations of Immune Gamma Globulin that allow normal concentration of serum IgG to be achieved and more liberal use of antibiotics [web.keminet.al]

This shows that the stool isolate in VAPP might not be always representative of the etiologic agent of the neurological disease. A wide variety of poliovirus vaccine genomic structures appeared to be implicated in the etiology of VAPP. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

RESULTS: Trends in VAPP epidemiology varied by country income level. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology: Poliovirus enters the body through the mouth, infecting the first cells with which it comes in contact—the pharynx and intestinal mucosa. [ijpsr.com]

From 1980 to 1993 a total of 119 cases of poliomyelitis were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. [pediatricianuae.wordpress.com]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [health.gov.au]

At the same time, recommendations are being implemented to immunize all children routinely with a killed poliomyelitis vaccine to prevent the same VAPP. [pediatrics.aappublications.org]