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Vagina Carcinoma
Vaginal Carcinoma

Presentation

Yet results of the Institut du Radium as presented by Courtial in 1938 demonstrate that the prognosis in cases treated by adequate radiation therapy compares favorably with that of cancer of the cervix with comparable extension of the disease. [pubs.rsna.org]

We present this case because of its rarity and for documentation and discussion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Workup

Subsequent clinical workup showed that the patient also had numerous metastatic nodules in the bilateral lungs and a vaginal-urethral fistula caused by the tumor. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Indeed, immunohistochemistry is of no value in excluding a colorectal metastasis, 21 and a full clinicoradiologic workup of the patient is mandated prior to making this rare diagnosis. References 1. Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the vagina. [academic.oup.com]

Recognition of the etiologic role of human papillomavirus ( HPV ) infection in cervical cancer has led to the recommendation of adding HPV testing to the screening regimen in women 30-65 years of age (see Workup). [emedicine.medscape.com]

Treatment

In cases in which the cervix cannot be adequately examined prior to treatment, the final diagnosis must be postponed. Carcinoma of the vagina is rare. [pubs.rsna.org]

Treatment due to the rarity of this entity was controversial previously and current review of literature suggests surgical treatment with or without radiotherapy as the optimum treatment for early stage and radiotherapy for advanced stage vaginal carcinoma [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Treatment Team Depending on your treatment, your treatment team may consist of a number of different health professionals, such as: GP (General Practitioner)- looks after your general health and works with your specialists to coordinate treatment. [cancer.org.au]

Prognosis

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the female genital tract is a rare entity with aggressive clinical behavior and a poor prognosis. This kind of malignancy arising in the vagina is extremely rare. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Prognosis is significantly dependent on stage. [radiopaedia.org]

Yet results of the Institut du Radium as presented by Courtial in 1938 demonstrate that the prognosis in cases treated by adequate radiation therapy compares favorably with that of cancer of the cervix with comparable extension of the disease. [pubs.rsna.org]

Prognosis for vaginal cancer Prognosis means the expected outcome of a disease. An individual's prognosis depends on the type and stage of cancer, as well as their age and general health at the time of diagnosis. [cancer.org.au]

If you have vaginal cancer, you may have questions about your prognosis. A prognosis is the doctor’s best estimate of how cancer will affect someone and how it will respond to treatment. Prognosis and survival depend on many factors. [cancer.ca]

Etiology

The etiology has not been identified, but the strongest association is with HPV infection and subtypes 16 and 18 have the highest oncogenic potential. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Vaginal cancer is closely related to vulvar cancer in terms of etiology and histology, but it occurs inside the vagina (typically the posterior third of the vaginal wall), rather than the vulva. [amboss.com]

This suggests that a single etiologic factor is unlikely. [health.am]

Etiology The high-risk (HR) human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infections have been identified as an essential although not sufficient factor in the pathogenesis of vulval and vagina carcinoma. [atlasgeneticsoncology.org]

Epidemiology

[…] architecture Lichen simplex chronicus : squamous cell hyperplasia Other dermatoses, e.g., genital lichen planus ( hypertrophied skin with purple lesions) Etiology : unclear (hormonal, immunological, and/or infectious factors are believed to play a role) Epidemiology [amboss.com]

Epidemiology Incidence Vaginal cancer is a rare cancer in the UK, accounting for around 1% of all gynaecological cancers. [ 1 ] HIV-positive women have more vaginal intraepithelial lesions compared with negative controls. [patient.info]

Epidemiological aspects of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). Minucci D, Cinel A, Insacco E, Oselladore M. Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Padua, Italy. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 1995;22(1):36-42. [thedoctorsdoctor.com]

The change in the epidemiologic trend in the United States has been attributed to mass screening with Papanicolaou (Pap) tests, which permits detection and treatment of preinvasive disease. [emedicine.medscape.com]

[…] the rarity of vaginal cancer studies. [13] A local surgery to remove vaginal cancer A radical hysterectomy to treat vaginal cancer without reconstruction A radical hysterectomy for vaginal cancer with reconstruction of the vagina using other tissues Epidemiology [en.wikipedia.org]

Pathophysiology

[…] adenocarcinoma of the vagina without any morphological characteristic features of other specific types (such as clear cell, endometrioid, mesonephric, mucinous) Terminology Primary non-DES (diethylstilbesterol) associated adenocarcinoma of vagina, NOS Pathophysiology [pathologyoutlines.com]

Pathophysiology Human papillomavirus ( HPV ) infection must be present for cervical cancer to occur. HPV infection occurs in a high percentage of sexually active women. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Prevention

Of course, removal of e.g., ovaries, cervix and vagina, will prevent cancer of these structures. When it comes to surgery in SRS patients with malignancies, an interdisciplinary approach should be chosen. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Can Vaginal Cancer Be Prevented? Without knowing the exact cause of vaginal cancer, preventative care is aimed at spotting it early, rather than prevention ( vaginal cancer prevention ). The best way to do this is to have regular Pap smear tests. [womens-health-advice.com]

Researchers are still investigating the causes of vaginal cancer and ways to prevent it. There is no way to completely prevent the disease, but by following the advice above, risks can be minimized. [medicalnewstoday.com]

It's often found and prevented by attending cervical screening, which aims to find and treat abnormalities before they turn into cancer. [nhs.uk]

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