We present a case where difficulty was encountered in advancing the balloon catheter across the mitral valve by standard technique. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Heart Disease

  KEYWORDS: Anticoagulation; Rheumatic heart disease; Thromboembolism; Watchman® [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Valvular heart disease. In RO Bonow et al., eds., Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 9th ed., vol. 2, pp. 1468–1539. Philadelphia: Saunders. Feltes TF, et al. (2011). [uofmhealth.org]

• Cardiomegaly

  A 23-week gestation fetus was diagnosed with critical severe AS, cardiomegaly, a dilated LV with very poor contractility, and mitral regurgitation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Cardiomegaly and decreased pulmonary vascularity can be seen in infants with severe or critical pulmonary valve stenosis. [omicsonline.org]

• Skin Edema

  The fetus had hydrops with ascites, and massive scalp, face and skin edema. Fetal amniocentesis was normal. Aortic valvuloplasty was performed under general anesthesia and echocardiographic guidance. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Encephalopathy

  Finally, her hepatic encephalopathy was dramatically improved. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Convulsions

  Two patients had convulsions during the procedure, more precisely during the inflation of the balloon catheter. Nontransient supraventricular arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation) occurred in 2 patients. [scielo.br]

The final diagnostic workup for the underlying malignancy continued the day after valvuloplasty. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• ST Elevation

  We present a case of an inferior ST-segment elevation associated with angina and hypotension following percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty. Coronary angiography during ST elevation found no abnormalities and no myocardial necrosis was documented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Third Degree Atrioventricular Block

  RESULTS: In the transcatheter aortic valve implantation population undergoing continuous electrocardiogram monitoring, new-onset left bundle branch block (LBBB) or third-degree atrioventricular block occurred in 48 (64%) and 16 (21.3%) patients, with [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

She became haemodynamically unstable and required treatment with mechanical ventilation and assisted circulation. Urgent surgical treatment was planned. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

It is frequently the preferred treatment for patients with mitral stenosis and pulmonic stenosis. [sharecare.com]

Insights into prognosis of valvular aortic stenosis. Circulation. 1994 Feb;89(2):642-50. [clinicaltrials.gov]

This is not surprising because functional status is a well-known determinant of prognosis in patients with severe AS treated medically ( 18,19 ). [interventions.onlinejacc.org]

While patients can survive for years with asymptomatic AS, the prognosis following symptom onset is quite poor without intervention. [intervalveinc.com]

Outlook (Prognosis) People with mild disease rarely get worse. However, those with moderate to severe disease will get worse. The outcome is often very good when surgery or balloon dilation is successful. [mountsinai.org]

The most common etiology of tricuspid stenosis is rheumatic, and in most cases it is associated with valvular regurgitation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

 Degenerative AS is MC etiology.  Chronic inflammatory process.  Commissural fusion is not the predominant feature in majority of older patients with calcific AS.  Fracture of nodular calcium deposits – leaflet mobility improved – increased valve [slideshare.net]

Etiology Rheumatic mitral valve disease, manifested by commissural leaflet fusion, is the most common cause of mitral stenosis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Epidemiology Frequency Rheumatic heart disease remains uncommon in the United States today. It is much more prevalent in developing nations, where patients tend to present at a younger age. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Post-operative TMA mostly occurs in adult patients with cardiovascular surgery, with the distinct pathophysiology from classical thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) although the exact pathophysiology remains unclear. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Pathophysiology of AS A normal aortic valve leaflet consists of 3 layers ( Figure 1 ). [ahajournals.org]

Data on outcome among these patients is scarce, but there appears to be a law of diminishing returns, particularly in patients with less favourable valve anatomy. 15 The pathophysiology of mitral restenosis does not consist solely of commissural re-fusion [heart.bmj.com]

Pathophysiology Commisural fusion of the mitral valve leaflets results in loss of the mitral orifice size. This limits blood flow across the valve from the left atrium to the left ventricle. [emedicine.medscape.com]

These medications may include anticoagulants to prevent clot formation and radioactive dye for X-rays. Your groin area is shaved and cleaned with an antiseptic. [wexnermedical.osu.edu]

In patients with Osler's disease, valuvloplasty using autologous pericardium is considered effective for preventing the later recurrence of IE. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The leg in which the catheter was inserted is temporarily prevented from moving. The skin condition is monitored. The insertion site, which will be covered by a sandbag, is observed for bleeding until the catheter is removed. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]