For each of these conditions, the book presents information on its background, microbiology, immunology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. [books.google.com]

In addition, more than one type of vaginitis may be present at the same time, with or without symptoms being present. What causes vaginitis? Bacteria, yeast, viruses, and chemicals in creams, sprays, or even clothing can cause vaginitis. [columbiadoctors.org]

The presentations cover basics of therapy, dermatoses, vaginitis, vulvodynia and vaginal dryness and dyspareunia as well as a review of cases (presentation, diagnosis, and management). [ifcpc2017.com]

An abscess may also develop and usually presents as an isolated tender lump, sometimes with surrounding cellulitis. [bpac.org.nz]

Almost half of vulvar problems in women presenting to family physicians have no clear cause.14,15 When accurately diagnosed, however, vulvovaginitis can be treated effectively with topical or oral azoles, antibiotics, and boric acid propolis.2,4,6,12 [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pathologist

  Search Our Resource Library At the present time, the ISSVD consists of approximately 600 gynecologists, dermatologists, pathologists, microbiologists, family practitioners, psychologists, sexual counselors, physical therapists, microbiologists, nurse [issvd.org]

  The Utah study provided another important finding: among the 20 biopsies read first by a general pathologist, seven diagnoses were changed after the tissue was re-examined by a dermatopathologist -- a pathologist specializing in skin disorders. [chicagotribune.com]

  The diagnosis is by biopsy, which must be done before treatment, as treatment (topical high-dose steroids) can misguide the pathologist making the diagnosis. [specializedwomenshealth.com]

• Chills

  They may include other symptoms, such as chills, flushing (redness and warm) on the face, anxiety, and feeling like your heart is racing. You can learn more about hot flashes and how to manage them in Hot Flashes. [cancer.org]

• Diarrhea

  In addition to urinary problems, significantly more women with the vulvovaginal symptoms than without also had pelvic organ prolapse or fecal incontinence without diarrhea. [sciencedaily.com]

  "The differential diagnosis of vulvar problems is as complicated as for headache, chest pain, or diarrhea. There are many, many causes," says Elizabeth G. [chicagotribune.com]

  Taking antibiotics exposes you to the risks of allergic reactions and antibiotic side effects (such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and yeast infections). Also, antibiotics may kill good bacteria. [uofmhealth.org]

• Abdominal Pain

  A painful Bartholin abscess may develop if the fluid within the cyst becomes infected. [bpac.org.nz]

• Abdominal Cramps

  cramps, headachie CI = allergy to imidazole Drug interaction with imidazole for ttx of VVC vagisil anti-itch cream (benzocaine and resorcinol) vagisil anti-itch wipes (pramoxine hydrochloride) local anesthetic/analgesic -relief itching/pain Go to MD: [quizlet.com]

• Intestinal Disease

  Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease, may cause abscesses or draining fistulas in the vulvar area, and vulvar skin problems are often one of its early symptoms. [chicagotribune.com]

• Hypotension

  Tampon related toxic shock syndrome Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) was first described in 1978. 27 Toxins produced by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus may cause potentially fatal toxic shock with symptoms such as rash, fever, hypotension [bpac.org.nz]

• Dermatitis

  Irritant contact dermatitis Psoriasis Plasma cell vulvitis Extramammary paget's disease Immunobullous disorders, including pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid Treatments options include : Topical medications Oral medications Injections Surgery [wuphysicians.wustl.edu]

  Contact Dermatitis. 2007;57(2):97–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 23. Sasseville D, Geoffrion G, Lowry RN. Allergic contact dermatitis from chlorinated swimming pool water. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;41(6):347–8. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 25. Davis D. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription remedies can lead to contact dermatitis. [mdedge.com]

  Some common conditions include: Contact dermatitis Inflammation and rash of the skin at the area of contact with another substance. Often people who have sensitive skin will get contact dermatitis to common products that are used. [wswomenshealth.com]

  Women with contact dermatitis can present with burning, itching, and pain with intercourse. Proper vulvar skin care and removal of the irritating agent can cure contact dermatitis. [specializedwomenshealth.com]

• Skin Disease

  When you visit our clinic for an examination, we will also take a detailed history and may request a number of tests to rule out possible causes such as infection or skin diseases. [drfarjo.com.au]

  diseases such as lichen sclerosus, lichen simplex chronicus, and lichen planus. [womenandinfants.org]

  Medical Associates opened a vulvovaginal treatment center with a dedicated focus on vulvar pain, atypical vaginitis and vaginosis, and vulvar skin diseases. [womenshealthct.com]

  Skin diseases Some skin diseases, such as eczema and psoriasis, can cause redness and itching in the genital region. Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a rash that primarily occurs in people with asthma or allergies. [healthline.com]

  Associate Professor Gayle Fischer Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Gayle Fischer is a dermatologist with a special interest in vulvovaginal skin disease. [dermogynae.com.au]

• Eczema

  Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC),(atopic dermatitis, eczema), also called Atopic dermatitis, eczema, neurodermatitis, and dermatitis. [flintobgyn.com]

  Skin diseases Some skin diseases, such as eczema and psoriasis, can cause redness and itching in the genital region. Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a rash that primarily occurs in people with asthma or allergies. [healthline.com]

  A wide range of disorders can affect the genital area including common dermatoses like psoriasis and eczema and also a variety of conditions unique to genital skin. [wswomenshealth.com]

  […] infections Trichomoniasis including resistant Trichomoniasis Genital Herpes and Herpetic Neuralgia Lichen Sclerosus Lichen Planus Atrophic Vaginitis Contact Dermatitis Vulvodynia or Vulvar Vestibulitis Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis (DIV) Vulvar Eczema [hospitals.jefferson.edu]

• Sweating

  Share on Pinterest Night sweats and insomnia may be experienced during the perimenopausal period. Other symptoms commonly associated with vaginal atrophy and vaginal dryness include vaginal itching, burning, and irritation. [medicalnewstoday.com]

  After the soak, to seal in the moisture, a petrolatum-based product is best, but this can be messy, sticky, and can even trap sweat. A hypoallergenic product, such as Vanicream™, can be very useful. [skintherapyletter.com]

  "If you wear abrasive clothing and engage in abrasive activities like bicycling or spinning class and wear tight workout clothes that expose your vulva to sweat or to detergent or soap residue, eventually it might catch up with you." [chicagotribune.com]

  Avoid, or limit, time spent wearing tight-fitting underwear, pantyhose/tights, jeans or trousers as this may lead to sweating. Limit time in damp or wet swimming costumes or exercise clothing. [menopause.org.au]

  CME Questions About Vulvovaginal Atrophy A 58-year-old woman, who has been taking oral hormone therapy (HT) for successful control of hot flashes and night sweats, reports vaginal itching, burning, and dyspareunia. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Pelvic Pain

  Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a common gynecologic complaint and one of the most common reasons women visit their gynecologists. It is defined as noncyclic, nonmenstrual pelvic pain persisting > 6 months, and located below the umbilicus. [med.unc.edu]

  The International Pelvic Pain Society offers patient information about pelvic pain and chronic pelvic pain, as well as some suggestions for how to talk with your health care provider about pelvic pain. [onhealth.com]

  Physical therapy treatment resulted in less pelvic floor muscle responsiveness to pain, less pelvic floor muscle tone, improved vaginal flexibility and improved pelvic floor muscle capacity 16. [pelvicpainrehab.com]

  Treatment of pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2006 Nov;86(5 Suppl):S18-27. 12. Rosenbaum TY, Owens A. The role of pelvic floor physical therapy in the treatment of pelvic and genital pain-related sexual dysfunction. [issm.info]

  Pelvic pain The exact cause of pelvic pain may be hard to find. How severe your pain is and what other symptoms you have may help find out what is causing the pain. [healthy.kaiserpermanente.org]

• Pelvic Pain in Women

  Endometriosis Endometriosis is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain in women. [issm.info]

• Irritability

  […] the subsurface irritation, which would include the size and depth of the subsurface irritation. [google.com]

  SE uncommon, may have burning, irritation refrain from sexual intercourse during ttx. [quizlet.com]

  In addition, once the vulva is irritated, a cycle of itching and scratching can develop that leads to more irritation and more itching. [massgeneral.org]

  Estrogen deficiency frequently leads to a thinning of vulvar tissue with consequent irritation. [bfe.org]

  These include recurrent bladder infections, bladder inflammation and irritation (sometimes called irritable bladder syndrome or interstitial cystitis), urethritis (irritation of the urethra, the short tube that passes urine from the bladder out of the [menopause.org]

• Headache

  "The differential diagnosis of vulvar problems is as complicated as for headache, chest pain, or diarrhea. There are many, many causes," says Elizabeth G. [chicagotribune.com]

  "I don't even take Tylenol for a headache," Faehndrich says. "The medical profession does not know how to deal with this. I stopped looking for answers outside of myself and started listening to my body." [broadly.vice.com]

  Women should be advised not to drink alcohol while taking metronidazole and for a minimum of 48 hours after the course of treatment to avoid adverse effects such as flushing, headache, nausea and vomiting. 11 Ornidazole 500 mg (either single dose of 1.5 [bpac.org.nz]

• Neglect

  We use data built up from our collective 40 years of experience in this field, to further research in this important, but neglected area of medical practice. [dermogynae.com.au]

Workup And Diagnosis Of Vulvovaginal Ulcers: An Algorithm And Decision-Support Tool: A Novel Mobile Application. Kennedy Stockdale, C., Boardman, L. A. (2015). Bartholin Duct Cysts. BMJ Point-of-Care (2015 update). Brock, E. N., Hardy-Fairbanks, A. [medicine.uiowa.edu]

• Chlamydia

  Chlamydia--Is a curable infection. Because chlamydia does not make most people sick, you can have the infection and not even know it. Symptoms of chlamydia include a mucus-like or pus-like vaginal discharge or pain when you urinate. [onhealth.com]

  Spread Through Sex You can get vaginal infections through sexual contact, too: Chlamydia Gonorrhea Herpes simplex virus Human papilloma virus (HPV) or genital warts Trichomoniasis Women may not have obvious symptoms of these STDs. [webmd.com]

  The most common types of vaginitis are: Candida or "yeast" infection Bacterial vaginosis Trichomoniasis vaginitis Chlamydia vaginitis Gonococcal vaginitis Viral vaginitis Noninfectious vaginitis Each of these types of infection has a different cause and [columbiadoctors.org]

  Various sexually transmitted infections can affect the vagina, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital warts, syphilis and genital herpes. Signs might include abnormal vaginal discharge or genital sores. Vaginitis. [newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org]

  Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and herpes can also cause vaginitis. Chemicals Some chemicals can cause vulvovaginitis. These are often found in soaps, feminine sprays, perfume, and vaginal contraceptives. [healthline.com]

Read the laser treatment frequently asked questions to learn more about this treatment. [massgeneral.org]

Treatment of dyspareunia and vaginal outlet distortion by perineoplasty. Obstet Gynecol. 1981;57(6):750–4. [link.springer.com]

Treatment Options Treatments will vary depending on your disorder but may include but not be limited to: Advice regarding the vulvovaginal skin care Topical Treatments: Pessaries and creams Tablets such as Fluconazole and itraconazole Botox injections [drfarjo.com.au]

If there are still acute problems present, these must be remedied prior to further treatment. [bfe.org]

[…] patients who are unable to use other treatments. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Prognosis and outcome While topical steroid therapy is clearly beneficial in terms of symptom control, there is little evidence that its long-term use or optimal control of symptoms reduces the risk of malignancy. [clinicaladvisor.com]

Prognosis [ 2 ] The natural history of this disorder is not clear. There is a high placebo effect in trials, suggesting high rates of spontaneous improvement in symptoms. Many treatment options have shown good success rates. [patient.info]

Influence of treatment of erosive lichen planus of the vulva on its prognosis. Arch Dermatol. 2006;142(3):289–294. 17. Dwyer CM, Kerr RE, Millan DW. Squamous carcinoma following lichen planus of the vulva. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1995;20(2):171–172. 18. [aafp.org]

It is of unknown etiology and may have no visible vulvar changes. In its more intense and chronic form, it can be totally disabling. [bfe.org]

While many theories have been proposed, the etiology of this condition remains unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]

The difference in clinical history suggests that primary and secondary vestibulodynia may have separate etiologies. [issm.info]

There is rarely a single identifiable cause and, despite the fact it is most likely to occur in women of reproductive age, it is estimated that only 30% of etiologies attributed to the development of chronic pelvic pain are gynecologic. [med.unc.edu]

Diagnosis of Vulvovaginal Disease Your doctor will take a detailed history in order to determine the exact etiology of the problem. [specializedwomenshealth.com]

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Balanitis xerotica obliyerans: epidemiologic distribution in an equal access health care system. South Med J. 2003;96:9-11. Tasker GL, Wojnarowska F. Lichen sclerosus. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2003;28:128-33. Neill SM, Tatnall FM, Cox NH. [rarediseases.org]

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors. Critical reviews in microbiology 2016;42:905-27. Sobel JD. Vulvovaginal candidosis. Lancet 2007;369:1961-71. Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes DR, et al. [cdc.gov]

[…] bowel syndrome Chronic fatigue syndrome Interstitial cystitis Endometriosis A history of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is commonly associated. [ 5 ] Women with a past history of anxiety and/or depression are more likely to get vulvodynia. [ 6 ] Epidemiology [patient.info]

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2016;42(6):905-927. doi:10.3109/1040841X.2015.1091805 Achkar JM, Fries BC. Candida infections of the genitourinary tract. [verywellhealth.com]

At that time, little was known about the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause vulvodynia and treatment options were limited. [pelvicpainrehab.com]

As the diagnosis of vestibulodynia is derived from signs and symptoms, not from a defined pathophysiology, it is likely that there are multiple etiologies for this disorder. [issm.info]

[…] by an alkaline vaginal discharge may lead to chronic irritation and inflammation Other - Some authors have associated vulvar vestibulitis with a history of sexual abuse, elective abortions, severe marital conflicts, depression, and anxiety Neurologic pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Removing underwear at bedtime may also help prevent vulvovaginitis. Proper cleansing is important and may help prevent irritation. This is especially true if the infection is bacterial. [healthline.com]

For each of these conditions, the book presents information on its background, microbiology, immunology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. [books.google.com]

In this situation, early identification may be possible, and early management may prevent the development of vulvovaginal adhesions and associated subsequent complications. [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]

Prevention Normally, your vagina has a healthy balance of yeast and bacteria, but certain factors can throw that balance off. [verywellhealth.com]

Prevention and Risk Factors Vulvar Care (American College of Nurse-Midwives) - PDF Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine) [medlineplus.gov]