Psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and lichen sclerosus may cause chronic vulvar dermatosis Psoriasis presents as red, nonscaly, pruritic plaques, sometimes isolated to the vulva. [cmaj.ca]

A 15-year retrospective review of prepubertal girls presenting with recurrent vaginal discharge found that sexual abuse might have been involved in about 5% of cases. 2 Systemic diseases, such as eczema and psoriasis, may also present with gynecologic [mdedge.com]

Presentation to medical services will also be influenced by the level of parental concern. [adc.bmj.com]

If the presenting complaint is mainly dyspareunia, pelvic muscle tone may need to be assessed. [patient.info]

An 18-year-old woman presents with severe vaginal and vulvar itching and a thick white discharge. Figure 77-1 shows the appearance of her vulva with redness and excoriations. Note the satellite lesions near the borders of the inflamed areas. [obgynkey.com]

• Candidiasis

  Placebo in Subjects With Acute Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Recruiting NCT03734991 Phase 3 Ibrexafungerp;Placebo 17 A Study of Oral VT-1161 for the Treatment of Acute Vaginal Candidiasis (Yeast Infection) in Patients With Recurrent Vaginal Candidiasis Recruiting [malacards.org]

  Studies have shown that the prevalence of a variant MLB gene is higher in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis than in controls without candidiasis. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Complicated VVC is characterized by recurrent (four or more episodes in 1 year) or severe VVC, non-albicans candidiasis, or the patient has uncontrolled diabetes, debilitation, or immunosuppression.1 Yeast vaginitis, yeast infection, candidiasis, moniliasis [obgynkey.com]

  The most common infectious causes of vaginitis in symptomatic women include bacterial vaginosis (22% to 50%), candidiasis (17% to 39%), and trichomoniasis (4% to 35%). [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is characterized by vulvovaginal itching, redness and discharge. [mdpi.com]

• Pathologist

  The methodology for collecting cervicovaginal cytological samples is standard in our gynecology service, and the Papanicolaou method was used by the pathologist for the evaluations. [scielo.br]

• Burning Pain

  Discharge due to vaginitis is accompanied by pruritus, erythema, and sometimes burning, pain, or mild bleeding. Pruritus may interfere with sleep. Dysuria or dyspareunia may occur. [msdmanuals.com]

• Diarrhea

  […] virus African swine fever Aujeszky's disease Blue eye disease Classical Swine Fever Encephalomyocarditis Foot-and-mouth disease Influenza Japanese B Encephalitis Nipah virus disease Porcine circovirosis Porcine cytomegalovirus infection Porcine epidemic diarrhea [pig333.com]

  Side-effects are uncommon but can include headaches, diarrhea and a rash. Itraconazole is typically reserved for severe cases and is generally only available with a prescription from a doctor. [ada.com]

  Shigella vaginitis is associated with mucopurulent bloody discharge and likewise, is not always accompanied by a history of diarrhea. [unboundmedicine.com]

  Diarrhea is absent in most of the patients. Mucopurulent, malodorous, and bloody discharge occurs in 47% of cases. Yersinia More Details enterocolitica vulvovaginitis is rare. [jnsmonline.org]

• Dermatitis

  For example, there may be evidence of facial, hand or flexural dermatitis. If the presenting complaint is mainly dyspareunia, pelvic muscle tone may need to be assessed. [patient.info]

  Contact dermatitis Contact dermatitis is classified into two types: Irritant dermatitis, caused by the destructive action of contactants, e.g., urine, feces, topical agents, feminine wipes. [consultqd.clevelandclinic.org]

  Symptoms may be due to vulval and external conditions, such as contact allergic or irritant dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, and flexural psoriasis. What is the treatment of vaginitis? Treatment of vaginitis depends on the underlying cause. [dermnetnz.org]

  Thus, treatment had entailed surgical removal of these nerve fibers. [16] Contact dermatitis The vulvar skin is a frequent site of contact dermatitis; the cutaneous response may be either allergic or irritant induced. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and lichen sclerosus may cause chronic vulvar dermatosis Psoriasis presents as red, nonscaly, pruritic plaques, sometimes isolated to the vulva. [cmaj.ca]

• Irritability

  Bacteria from the bottom can irritate the sensitive genital area. What causes vulvovaginitis? Most commonly, vulvovaginitis is caused when the skin becomes irritated. [healthnavigator.org.nz]

  </li><li>Dry winter air can be irritating to the skin.</li><li>Heat and humidity can also irritate the skin, especially if combined with wet bathing suits or tight clothing. [aboutkidshealth.ca]

  Some skin conditions can cause itching and chronic irritation of the vulvar area. Foreign bodies, such as lost tampons, can also cause vulvar irritation and itching and strong smelling discharge. [indiatoday.in]

  Irritation of the genital area due to detergents, harsh soaps, chemicals such as chlorine, bubble baths, poor hygiene practices or tight clothing Infections, with bacteria or yeast Pinworm Contact irritants Skin diseases such as eczema A foreign body [cincinnatichildrens.org]

  It can be caused by infection, irritation, a foreign body, allergy, or systemic disease. Yeast Vulvovaginitis Pediatric yeast infection is a general term that describes when a naturally occurring fungus grows in excess and causes irritation. [childrens.com]

• Confusion

  In our experience, several years of clinical observation of a specific type of vulvovaginitis caused by the monilia group produced confusing opinions and few satisfactory or reliable conclusions. [jamanetwork.com]

  Potent steroids should be avoided, as they can affect surface features and confuse the diagnosis should subsequent specialist referral be required. Specialist referral is indicated if there is no response to steroids. [patient.info]

• Vaginal Bleeding

  You notice vaginal bleeding. Your child has pain or burning when urinating, and is urinating more often. You have other concerns or questions. Symptoms return. [childrensmn.org]

  vaginal discharge/vaginal bleeding was the most common symptom (49%). [jnsmonline.org]

  Vaginitis may result in vaginal soreness, itching, discharge, malodour, fissuring and bleeding. It may hurt to pass urine ( dysuria ). [dermnetnz.org]

  Exclusion criteria were the presence of vaginal bleeding, pregnancy, intercourse in the last 24 hours and the use of antibiotic or immunosuppressive drugs in the last month. [oatext.com]

  Vaginal foreign bodies cause an intense inflammation, resulting in vaginal bleeding and foul smelling, blood stained vaginal discharge. These cases were not included in the study. [adc.bmj.com]

• Foul Smelling Vaginal Discharge

  Most patients (91%) either recalled insertion of the foreign body and/or had blood-stained or foul-smelling vaginal discharge or vaginal bleeding, and/or palpation or visualization of the foreign body in physical examination. [jnsmonline.org]

• Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

  Pediatr Infect Dis J 1988;7:1 Whittington WL, Rice RJ, Biddle JW, et al: Incorrect identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from infants and children. [karger.com]

  Vaginal discharge can be secondary to a wide variety of pathologies, including vaginitis due to bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, or trichomoniasis, as well as cervicitis, salpingitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia [accessmedicine.mhmedical.com]

  Candida Unusual (3%) in > 2 year old prepubertal girls Usually if recent antibiotic therapy, immunocompromised or wearing nappies Sexually Transmitted Infections Typically the result of sexual abuse with some exceptions All cases of Neisseria gonorrhoea [pch.health.wa.gov.au]

  No child in either group in this study 1 nor in that by Gerstner et al 10 had Gardernella vaginalis, Trichomonas hominis, urogenital mycoplasma, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in culture, and polymerase chain reaction amplification performed for Chlamydia [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the organism that causes gonorrhea, produces gonococcal vulvovaginitis in young girls who have sexual exposure. Gonorrhea-related vaginitis is considered a sexually transmitted illness. [indiatoday.in]

Therefore, treatment is usually reserved for women with bothersome symptoms. The treatments for bacterial vaginosis recommended in Canada in the PHAC’s guidelines on STI are presented in Table below. [ijogr.com]

It is a good idea to check with a doctor before starting boric acid treatment. Takeaway Treatment for vulvovaginitis depends on the cause, and some cases may go away without treatment. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Treatment consists of administration of antibiotics or antifungals (depending on the pathogen). [amboss.com]

Determining the cause is key to successful treatment. [consultqd.clevelandclinic.org]

Treatment Treatment will typically involve the use of antifungal medication, which will usually take the form of an oral tablet and/or topical skin cream. Following treatment, most cases of thrush will resolve in a few days. [ada.com]

Prognosis Most cases of pruritus resolve once the correct diagnosis is made and appropriate treatment instituted. The prognosis will depend on the underlying condition causing the vulvitis. [patient.info]

Expectations (prognosis) Proper treatment of an infection is usually very effective. [indiatoday.in]

Outlook (Prognosis) Proper treatment of an infection is effective in most cases. [ufhealth.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) Proper treatment of an infection is most often very effective. Prevention Keep your genital area clean and dry when you have vaginitis. Avoid soap. Just rinse with water to clean yourself. [account.allinahealth.org]

This article reviews the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of NAC vulvovaginitis. [mdpi.com]

May try topical antibiotics or low potency steroids If there is any suspicion of abuse, cultures should be obtained with the proper culture media to try to delineate a specific etiology. References Kokotos, Faye, and Henry M. Adam. Vulvovaginitis. [pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu]

While many theories have been proposed, the etiology of this condition remains unknown. [emedicine.medscape.com]

System(s) affected: reproductive, skin/exocrine Synonym(s): vaginitis; vulvitis Epidemiology Incidence Unknown Prevalence Most common gynecologic problem in prepubertal girls Etiology and Pathophysiology In the prepubertal child, the levels of estrogen [unboundmedicine.com]

Table 2: Etiology of prepubertal vulvovaginitis percentage of microorganism isolates Click here to view Unfortunately, we do not have studies in Saudi Arabia about prepubertal vulvovaginitis and its etiological factors. [jnsmonline.org]

Differential diagnoses of infectious vulvovaginitis Bacterial vulvovaginitis Bacterial vaginosis Epidemiology : most common vaginal infection in women (40–45% of all cases) Pathogen : Gardnerella vaginalis (a gram-variable rod) (Gram-variable) Pathogenesis [amboss.com]

The epidemiology and presentation of vulvovaginitis differ in prepubescent and adolescent girls. [pedsinreview.aappublications.org]

System(s) affected: reproductive, skin/exocrine Synonym(s): vaginitis; vulvitis Epidemiology Incidence Unknown Prevalence Most common gynecologic problem in prepubertal girls Etiology and Pathophysiology In the prepubertal child, the levels of estrogen [unboundmedicine.com]

Epidemiologic determinants of vaginal pH. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;180(5):1060-6. [ Links ] 36. Nai GA, Mello ALP, Ferreira AD, Barbosa RL. [scielo.br]

Epidemiology Exact figures are not available because the term covers so many different conditions and many women self-treat and do not consult a health professional. Females of all ages are affected, from prepubertal girls to the elderly. [patient.info]

System(s) affected: reproductive, skin/exocrine Synonym(s): vaginitis; vulvitis Epidemiology Incidence Unknown Prevalence Most common gynecologic problem in prepubertal girls Etiology and Pathophysiology In the prepubertal child, the levels of estrogen [unboundmedicine.com]

Etiology and Pathophysiology Listen Most vulvovaginal Candidiasis is caused by Candida albicans (Figure 77-3).1,7 Candida glabrata now causes a significant percentage of all Candida vulvovaginal infections. [obgynkey.com]

[…] by an alkaline vaginal discharge may lead to chronic irritation and inflammation Other - Some authors have associated vulvar vestibulitis with a history of sexual abuse, elective abortions, severe marital conflicts, depression, and anxiety Neurologic pathophysiology [emedicine.medscape.com]

Pathophysiology Prepubertal girls are susceptible to vulvovaginitis due to behavioral, anatomic, and physiologic predisposing factors. [jnsmonline.org]

Prevention There are a number of practices and habits that are thought to help prevent vaginal thrush. It should be noted, however, that these practices are not medically proven to be effective and may only be useful in some cases. [ada.com]

Good hygiene is the best way to prevent non-infectious vulvovaginitis. Wearing comfortable clothing that absorbs moisture can also reduce infection. Using a condom can prevent most sexually transmitted forms of vulvovaginitis. [medicalnewstoday.com]

Removing underwear at bedtime may also help prevent vulvovaginitis. Proper cleansing is important and may help prevent irritation. This is especially true if the infection is bacterial. [healthline.com]

Prevention Use of a condom during sexual intercourse can prevent most sexually transmitted vaginal infections. [indiatoday.in]

Possible causes of pediatric vulvovaginitis include: Bacteria Irritation due to harsh soaps or chemicals Poor hygiene Tight clothing Yeast Viruses Allergic reaction Treatment and prevention of vaginitis or vulvovaginitis Once the cause of vulvovaginitis [nortonchildrens.com]