Most cases presented papillary epithelial hyperplasia and sub-epithelial foamy cells, which were immunopositive for CD68, CD63 and CD163 in all cases. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

This study reports the case of a 60-year-old man having painless nodules on his elbows and Achilles tendons without typical gout crisis, followed in the microcrystalline disease clinic of Unifesp for diagnostic workup. [scielo.br]

A thorough workup is essential to identify the underlying condition in order to initiate early treatment and to prevent later complications. [austinpublishinggroup.com]

[…] pancreatitis is 5%, and at levels above 2,000 mg/dL, the risk is 10% to 20%. 4 In our patient, the diagnosis of chylomicronemia was based on the appearance of the skin lesions, his history of pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus, and the results of the initial workup [mdedge.com]

What workup is required for xanthoma? A skin biopsy may be necessary to confirm a clinical diagnosis of xanthoma. See eruptive xanthoma pathology. [dermnetnz.org]

This study reports the case of a 60-year-old man having painless nodules on his elbows and Achilles tendons without typical goutcrisis, followed in the microcrystalline disease clinic of Unifesp for diagnostic workup. [mendeley.com]

Early recognition and treatment of the underlying condition decreases morbidity and mortality. After treatment of the underlying metabolic disorders, lesions mostly disappear without leaving scars. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Recurrences postsurgical treatment of xanthomas are common. [emedicine.com]

Early diagnosis and treatment of this disease with chenodeoxycholic acid is essential and has been shown to greatly improve the patient's symptoms and prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Outlook (Prognosis) The growth is non-cancerous and painless, but may be a sign of another medical condition. When to Contact a Medical Professional Call your health care provider if xanthomas develop. [indiatoday.in]

Outlook (Prognosis) The growth is noncancerous and painless, but may be a sign of another medical condition. Prevention Control of blood lipids, including triglycerides and cholesterol levels, may help reduce development of xanthomas. [account.allinahealth.org]

Outlook (Prognosis) The growth is noncancerous and painless, but may be a sign of another medical condition. When to Contact a Medical Professional Call your provider if xanthomas develop. [ufhealth.org]

Prognosis The prognosis is good after treatment of bone xanthoma [1,4-6,8,9,11]. [omicsonline.org]

Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon mucocutaneous lesion of uncertain etiology. Originally thought to be limited to the oral mucosa, its occurrence in other mucosal and nonmucosal sites also has been documented. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

[…] flat xanthomas, verrucous xanthomas, and xanthelasma.[1] Eruptive xanthoma most commonly involves the extensor surfaces of the extremities, buttocks, and back.[2] The disease is a characteristic manifestation of extreme hypertriglyceridemia.[3] Exact epidemiological [journals.lww.com]

References: [1] [2] Epidemiology References: [2] Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified. [amboss.com]

Summary Epidemiology The incidence of WAS has been estimated at less than 1 in 100,000 live births. The disease almost exclusively affects males. [orpha.net]

Epidemiologic data on cutaneous xanthomas are limited. Xanthomas are rarely seen before age twenty although those associated with FH are an exception. [wjgnet.com]

Epidemiology The reported incidence of GX was quite variable: it ranged from 0.018% to 7% in endoscopy series and was as high as 58% in an autopsy series (3-6). [emedicalj.com]

We discuss the clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment of CTX. As the condition is treatable, this is a neurological rarity not to be missed. [doi.org]

Xanthomas: clinical and pathophysiological relations. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014 ;158: 181 – 188. [Crossref], [Web of Science ], [Google Scholar] ]. [tandfonline.com]

However, since the pathophysiology surrounds improper clearance of circulating remnant molecules the addition of a systemic treatment is necessary in a majority of cases. [dermatologyadvisor.com]

Zak A, Zeman M, Slaby A, et al Xanthomas: clinical and pathophysiological relations. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2014; 158:181–188. 5. Brunzell JD. Clinical practice. Hypertriglyceridemia. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:1009–1017. 6. [journals.lww.com]

Prompt recognition of such skin manifestations is warranted to prevent development of fatal medical condition like coronary artery disease and pancreatitis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Sources: National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse: “Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your feet and skin healthy.“ American Diabetes Association: “Skin Complications.” [webmd.com]

In either case, a child with tendinous xanthomas requires prompt evaluation and medical treatment to prevent irreversible disease sequelae. [visualdx.com]

Prevention Keeping your blood lipids within a normal range through healthy eating and maintaining a healthy weight can help. [healthnavigator.org.nz]