Presentation
After six months of follow-up, ZDV associated anemia was present among 32.7% (51/156) of the participants, and 43.1% of them were severe while about 45.2% were macrocytic type. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Marketed presentations: Pack containing 60 film-coated tablets. Medicinal speciality authorised by the Ministry of Health. Certificate Nº 49157 Laboratorio DOSA S.A. Girardot 1369 (C1427AKC) Buenos Aires, Argentine. Pharmaceutical Director: María C. [laboratoriodosa.com]
Entire Body System
- Fatigue
RESULTS: The most frequent clinical side effect was fatigue (in 23 cases, 88.5%), and gastroenterological symptoms were the second most common side effects in HCP with PEP. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Notify your doctor immediately if you have: dark urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes, abdominal or stomach pain, unusual fatigue, muscle aches, rapid breathing, drowsiness, symptoms of infection such as persistent fever or sore throat. [web.archive.org]
Adverse side effects may include anemia, leukopenia, muscle fatigue, muscle wasting, nausea and headaches. 6, record 1, English, - zidovudine Record 1, French Record 1, Domaine(s) Record 1, Synonyms, French zidovudine 3, record 1, French, zidovudine correct [btb.termiumplus.gc.ca]
Some zidovudine-treated patients with normal muscle strength experience excessive fatigue, myalgia, or transient mild CK elevations that improve when zidovudine is stopped. [link.springer.com]
Side effects: nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anaemia (low red blood cells), fat loss, muscle pain and weakness. Darkening of skin and nails in people of African origin. Other notes: do not use with d4T. Methadone may increase AZT levels. [i-base.info]
Gastrointestinal
- Nausea
The commonest side-effects of AZT are nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, fatigue, weakness and muscle pain. These often occur in the early weeks of treatment. Medicines to control nausea and headache can be prescribed before starting AZT. [web.archive.org]
Medicines to control nausea and headache can be prescribed before starting zidovudine. Nausea and vomiting may also be reduced by making the following adjustments to diet: Taking zidovudine before meals. [aidsmap.com]
Lamivudine and zidovudine can cause side effects ranging from fever and chills to nausea and vomiting. [sharecare.com]
GI: Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, GI pain. Hematologic: Bone marrow depression, granulocytopenia, anemia. Respiratory: Cough, wheezing. Skin: Rash, itching, diaphoresis. [robholland.com]
Treatment-emergent adverse events reported in more than 2% of patients included nausea (5%), diarrhea (5%), headache (3%) and insomnia (3%). [thebodypro.com]
- Abdominal Pain
The patient had been receiving standard doses of zidovudine for 5 months when she was hospitalized because of the rapid onset of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The most significant findings at autopsy were massive hepatomegaly and steatosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
pain) symptoms of lactic acidosis (e.g., weight loss, fatigue, generally feeling ill, abdominal pain, shortness of breath) along with an enlarged liver and symptoms of liver problems (e.g., nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, weakness, diarrhea) symptoms [medbroadcast.com]
If you develop signs of pancreatitis (e.g., upper left abdominal pain, back pain, nausea, fever, chills, rapid heartbeat, swollen abdomen), contact your doctor. [uniprix.com]
- Constipation
[…] tongue difficult breathing severe muscle pain pale skin easy bruising unexplained weight loss pale skin loss of bladder control severe lower back pain liver problems pancreatitis severe skin reaction Less severe symptoms may include: insomnia mild nausea constipation [en.wikibooks.org]
Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away: headache nausea vomiting constipation diarrhea (especially in children) stomach cramps or pain difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep heartburn Some side effects can be serious [nlm.nih.gov]
GI: taste perversion, nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia. Hematologic: severe bone marrow suppression (resulting in anemia), agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia. Musculoskeletal: myalgia. [glowm.com]
[…] bleeding gums blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin bloating blood in the urine blurred vision or other change in vision bone pain burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles", or tingling feelings clay-colored stools constipation [drugs.com]
Adverse reactions CNS: headache, paresthesia, malaise, insomnia, dizziness, drowsiness, asthenia, seizures GI: nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, anorexia, pancreatitis Hematologic: severe anemia (necessitating transfusions), agranulocytopenia [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Skin
- Pruritic Rash
The exposed worker stopped ddI after 8 days because of symptoms but continued to take d4T and NVP, stopping at day 24 because of a generalized macular pruritic rash and mild thrombocytopenia. Seroconversion was documented at 3 months. [web.archive.org]
Psychiatrical
- Anger
Understandably, there was immense pressure on the FDA to approve AZT, considering the climate of fear and anger all around.* Everybody was worried about this one. [spin.com]
Neurologic
- Headache
It must also be used cautiously in patients with preexisting bone marrow suppression. adverse effects Headache, GI disturbances, insomnia, flulike symptoms, rash, fatigue, myalgia, and central nervous system symptoms may occur during the first weeks of [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Some of the less serious side effects caused by one or all three drugs, which may dissipate as you adjust to the medication include: diarrhea, headaches, nausea, stomach pain and tiredness. [sharecare.com]
Monitor for common adverse effects, especially severe headache, nausea, insomnia, and myalgia. Patient & Family Education Contact physician promptly if health status worsens or any unusual symptoms develop. [robholland.com]
Side effects include headaches, nausea, and discoloration of fingernails and toenails. More severe side effects include anemia and bone marrow suppression. [en.wikibooks.org]
The commonest side-effects of AZT are nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, fatigue, weakness and muscle pain. These often occur in the early weeks of treatment. Medicines to control nausea and headache can be prescribed before starting AZT. [web.archive.org]
- Irritability
Frequency not reported : Local reaction, pain, slight irritation References 1. "Drugs for HIV infection." Treat Guidel Med Lett 7 (2009): 11-22 2. [drugs.com]
[…] severe or don't go away, joint pain, numbness/tingling of the hands/feet/arms/legs, vision changes, signs of infection (such as fever, chills, swollen lymph nodes, trouble breathing, cough, non-healing skin sores), signs of an overactive thyroid (such as irritability [webmd.com]
[…] pain, numbness/tingling of the hands/ feet /arms/legs, severe tiredness, vision changes, severe/persistent headaches, signs of infection (such as fever, chills, trouble breathing, cough, non-healing skin sores), signs of an overactive thyroid (such as irritability [medicinenet.com]
Workup
The patient underwent a workup to rule out possible causes for this prolonged bleeding time; all studies were negative. A review of his history identified that he was self-medicating with ibuprofen while taking zidovudine. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Serum
- Neutrophil Count Decreased
The mean leucocyte ( Figure 2 B) and neutrophil ( Figure 2 C) counts decreased slightly until 35 wk and then increased sharply until delivery, with a more rapid decrease and subsequent increase in women randomized to the long regimen. [web.archive.org]
Treatment
CD4 cell counts, viral RNA loads, and treatment changes were analyzed in a cohort of treatment success and failures. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Treatment HHV-8 / KSHV / KSHV Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS) 1 2 Recruiting Treatment Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections 1 2 Recruiting Treatment Metastatic Colorectal Cancers 1 2 Suspended Treatment Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV [drugbank.ca]
Prognosis
Abstract Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis that is incurable by conventional drugs. [bloodjournal.org]
INTRODUCTION Section: Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy of activated T cells associated with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I). 1 Diversity in clinical features and prognosis of patients with ATL have led [jco.ascopubs.org]
Anemia at the beginning of ART is an important parameter for the short and long term prognosis [ 4 ]. ART generally improves HIV-associated anemia [ 3, 4 ], but some ARVs may cause anemia. [omicsonline.org]
HIV-1 RNA results from the assay can be used to assess prognosis of disease progression and to monitor the effects of antiretroviral therapy by measuring changes in HIV-1 RNA levels during the course of therapy. [fda.gov]
Etiology
THE development of a rational therapy against the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 1 2 3 was made possible by the discovery that a cytopathic retrovirus, now called the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), caused the disorder [doi.org]
* Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/diagnosis Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/epidemiology Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/etiology Humans Infant Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control* Lamivudine/administration & dosage Lamivudine [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Introduction The rapid worldwide spread of acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has prompted an intense research effort to try to discover compounds that can effectively inhibit the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 1 the etiological agent of [scielo.br]
Epidemiology
MeSH terms Adult Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology Anemia/epidemiology* Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use* Female HIV Infections/blood HIV Infections/drug therapy* HIV Infections/epidemiology HIV Infections/prevention & control HIV-1/isolation & purification [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Despite extensive epidemiologic and phylogenetic evidence, however, CBWT of HIV continues to be overlooked. [aidsperspective.net]
Pathophysiology
[Article] VanWert AL, Gionfriddo MR, Sweet DH: Organic anion transporters: discovery, pharmacology, regulation and roles in pathophysiology. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2010 Jan;31(1):1-71. doi: 10.1002/bdd.693. [go.drugbank.com]
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Mar;300(3):918-24. [ PubMed:11861798 ] VanWert AL, Gionfriddo MR, Sweet DH: Organic anion transporters: discovery, pharmacology, regulation and roles in pathophysiology. [drugbank.ca]
In Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach ; DiPiro, J. T.; Talbert, R. L.; Yee, G. C.; Matzke, G. R.; Wells, B. G.; Posey, L. M. eds.; McGraw Hills Publishers: Australia, 7 th ed, 2008, ch 129. [ Links ] 9. Pan-Zhou, X. [scielo.br]
Prevention
It is not a cure for HIV and does not prevent the passing of HIV to others. This medication is also used in pregnant women to prevent spreading the virus to the fetus. [web.archive.org]
Abstract To prevent mother-to-child-transmission of HIV-1, the 2010 WHO guidelines recommended prenatal zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy (option A). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]