Firstly, left fronto-zygomatic area was opened by lateral eyebrow incision along with the old scar present over the face. Layer-wise dissection was done to expose the fracture line. [pubs.sciepub.com]

Most often contact with the opponent is the most common cause for injury. [4] We have presented a short report of zygomatic arch fracture in a Kabaddi player. References [Figure 1], [Figure 2] [sjosm.org]

Abstract In 1 week two patients with depressed fractures of the malar/orbital/zygomatic complex presented with roentgen evidence of fractures of the underlying coronoid process caused by the transmitted impact of the malar/orbital/zygomatic fragment without [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Presentation Arch fractures may result in trismus, flattening of the midface, asymmetry of the malar regions, or a reduction in oral aperture. [oralmaxillo-facialsurgery.blogspot.com]

• Falling

  Causes of zygoma fracture were traffic accidents in 151 (26%), assault in 117 (20%), accidental falls in 105 (19%), sports injuries in 56 (10%), home injuries in 45 (8%), work accidents in 34 (6%). [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Leading causes of fractures include assault, motor vehicle or motorcycle accidents, sports injuries, and falls. [oralmaxillo-facialsurgery.blogspot.com]

  Zygoma Fracture (Simple) General Information Zygoma is 2nd most common facial bone fractured Usual causes of arch fractures MVC or altercation Sports injuries Falls Pathophysiology A low impact injury Requires only 50 Gs Fracture pattern Usually 3 fractures [fprmed.com]

  Fractures commonly happen because of car accidents, falls, or sports injuries. Other causes are low bone density and osteoporosis, which cause weakening of the bones. Overuse can cause stress fractures, which are very small cracks in the bone. [icdlist.com]

• Swelling

  Some things, like pain, swelling, and bruising, are symptoms of any broken bone. [webmd.com]

  […] i hit a tree driver side head on at 40 plus miles per hour. my face hit the steering as the bag deployed starting two days ago my left zygomatic bone started swelling and hurting. it seems to be getting worse rather than better. my brother is a doc and [zocdoc.com]

  Pain Swelling Bruising Broken nose symptoms Swelling Tenderness Deformity Nosebleed (if present, is usually minor) Significant trauma to the bridge of the nose may result in a fracture of the bones inside the nose (ethmoid bones). [emedicinehealth.com]

  Post-op Bruising & Swelling. There is likely to be swelling and bruising at the operation site post- operatively. These will both settle with time. there is a chance if this occurs around the eye, that you may develop a black eye. [exodontia.info]

  If enophthalmia is present, it should also be corrected without delay Diagnostics Inspection #pic#, #pic# Symptoms Unilateral periocular haematoma Subconjunctival haemorrhage Swelling Flattened face (sometimes) Palpation Infraorbital fracture steps Lateral [med-college.hu]

• Surgical Procedure

  Therefore, the nasal-endoscopic endonasal reduction technique ( 9 ) is thought to be a better surgical procedure. [e-ceo.org]

  In 177 patients a surgical procedure, involving reduction and fixation, was carried out (Tables IIIV), while in 24 cases no surgical treatment was performed. [zdoc.site]

  Prospective study of facial nerve function after surgical procedures for the treatment of temporomandibular pathology. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007;65:972-8. 15. Hong Y, Gu X, Feng X, Wang Y. [jstcr.org]

  Surgical procedure An intraoral approach was used to expose the zygomatic complex. Two percent lignocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline (1 : 80,000) was infiltrated at the site of incision. [docksci.com]

  Majority of the patients in this study had middle-energy fractures which are similar to those reported by other authors.[ 8, 9 ] Facial edema and peri-orbital swelling may hamper clinical examination and immediate surgical procedure among these patients [parjournal.net]

• Asymptomatic

  […] arch fracture - OM view Hover on/off image to show/hide findings Tap on/off image to show/hide findings Face - Zygomatic arch fracture - OM view Look for the 'elephant's trunk' appearance of the zygomatic arch Comparing the symptomatic side with the asymptomatic [radiologymasterclass.co.uk]

  […] halten en Other symptoms, such as periorbital haematoma and flattening of the zygomatic prominence, were observed in 49 patients and 45 patients, respectively. en The pneumatized spaces of the zygomatic arch (zygomatic air cell defect) are a clinically asymptomatic [de.glosbe.com]

• Trismus

  Presentation Arch fractures may result in trismus, flattening of the midface, asymmetry of the malar regions, or a reduction in oral aperture. [oralmaxillo-facialsurgery.blogspot.com]

  / unable to open mouth Aspiration risk May discharge if: Simple fracture only No associated injuries No trismus / trouble opening mouth Soft diet Warn pt to return to ED if: Difficult chewing Visual changes New anesthesia of cheek [fprmed.com]

  Additionally, the fracture components may result in impingement of the temporalis muscle, trismus (difficulty with mastication) and may compromise the infraorbital foramen / nerve resulting in hypoaesthesia within its sensory distribution. [radiopaedia.org]

  Severe displacement may cause direct impingement on the coronoid process, however, and trismus is more pronounced leading to interincisor distance of ~1cm. [medicine.uiowa.edu]

• Malocclusion

  Blurry or decreased vision Numbness in the forehead, eyelids, cheek, or upper lip/teeth Swelling of the cheek or forehead Broken jaw Pain Bruising, swelling, or tenderness along the jaw or below the ear Inability to bring the teeth together properly (malocclusion [webmd.com]

  Descargar APP ahora La Telemedicina es un servicio no compatible con el seguro médico Expert in: Obstructive sleep apnea Oral Surgery Orthognathic surgery Dental Implants Dental malocclusion Facial Reconstruction Fri 30 Nov. Sat 01 Dec. Sun 02 Dec. [topdoctors.it]

  Visualised or self reported malocclusion is the key to diagnosis. Mental nerve paraesthesia is often associated with displaced fractures. [racgp.org.au]

  We performed intermaxillary fixation to prevent malocclusion during fixation ( Fig. 3A ). We confirmed the extent of the fracture and fusion through both a lateral eyebrow incision and a gingival isthmus incision ( Fig. 3B, 3C ). [e-ceo.org]

  Broken jaw symptoms Jaw pain Tenderness Inability to bring the teeth together properly (malocclusion) Bruising under the tongue almost always indicates a jaw fracture. [emedicinehealth.com]

• Diplopia

  In the past, simple techniques, such as exerting pressure under the zygomatic arch and resetting the bones in their anatomic position (eg, Gilles approach), were hindered by unsatisfactory cosmetic results and persistent diplopia. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  Symptoms Unilateral periocular haematoma Subconjunctival haemorrhage Swelling Flattened face (sometimes) Palpation Infraorbital fracture steps Lateral orbital border Zygomatic buttress Function tests V2 sensitivity Facialis function Ocular motility Diplopia [med-college.hu]

  Diplopia fails to resolve after 2-3 weeks. Complications Globe injury. Persistent diplopia requiring delayed surgery. Optic nerve damage. Medial orbital wall fracture Features These are rare in isolation but may accompany orbital floor fractures. [patient.info]

  Diplopia. Diplopia is the name given to the symptom of blurred vision. Two varieties of diplopia exist; it is important to distinguish between them. [pocketdentistry.com]

• Enophthalmos

  The difference between the two groups was highly statistically significant ( P Enophthalmos : The mean enophthalmos in Group I patients was 2.4 mm and in Group II patients was 1 mm. [ijps.org]

  There has been no case of chewing problems, cheek numbness or progressive enophthalmos developing postoperatively. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Enophthalmos (the eye is sunken). Infraorbital anaesthesia (lower lid, cheek, side of nose, upper lip, upper teeth and gums). [patient.info]

  Inferior (hypophthalmos) and posterior (enophthalmos) globe displacement both occur. Extraocular muscle contusion or entrapment may result in diplopia. [emedicine.medscape.com]

• Fracture

  The orbital contents can be supported as for simple orbital floor fractures. [emedicine.medscape.com]

  […] or the tetrapod fractures are common to occur followed by the nasal bone fractures because of its prominent location. [dmrjournal.org]

  […] of miniplate fixation for stabilizing fractured zygoma in human skulls. [pubs.sciepub.com]

  Closed fracture of zygoma Closed fracture of zygomatic arch Closed fracture of zygomatic tripod Closed horizontal fracture of maxilla Closed pyramidal fracture of maxilla Complete closed fracture of maxilla Fracture of upper jaw, closed Le Fort fracture [icd9data.com]

  We applied a navigation system in 6 patients with zygomatic bone fracture. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Ankylosis

  Zygomatico-coronoid fibrous ankylosis of the mandible is a complication which rarely occurs if fractures of the middle third of the facial skeleton have been adequately treated. 379 zygomatic fractures in hospitalized patients were treated at the Department [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis by gap arthroplasty. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006;11:E66-9. [Table 1] [jstcr.org]

• Decrease in Height

  We found that postoperative complication like decreased malar height and vertical dystopia was more common in those patients who were treated by two point fixation than those who were treated with three point fixation. [trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com]

• Facial Edema

  Second, if surgery must be performed while excessive facial edema is present, surgical exposure to determine the position of the ZMC is helpful. [pocketdentistry.com]

  CASE REPORT A 21-yr-old man presented at our department with the chief complaint of right facial edema and deformity that occurred after a blow to the facial area. [e-ceo.org]

  Majority of the patients in this study had middle-energy fractures which are similar to those reported by other authors.[ 8, 9 ] Facial edema and peri-orbital swelling may hamper clinical examination and immediate surgical procedure among these patients [parjournal.net]

• Facial Pain

  For example, nerve diseases like trigeminal neuralgia or Bell's palsy sometimes cause facial pain, spasms and trouble with eye or facial movement. Birth defects can also affect the face. [icdlist.com]

The common goal of all treatments is an exact three-dimensional restoration of the disturbed anatomy. [ 4 ] This case report presents a trauma resulting from traffic accident that caused ZMC fracture and the treatment of a patient using the combination [pubs.sciepub.com]

One case required no treatment. Five patients were associated with other facial bone fractures. [dmrjournal.org]

Classification and treatment of zygomatic fractures: a review of 1025 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1992;50:778-90. Ellis E, Kittidurmkerng W. Analysis of treatment for isolated zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. [zdoc.site]

Surgical treatment of unilateral zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures: A 7-year observational study assessing treatment outcome in 153 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2016 Nov. 44 (11):1859-65. [Medline]. Fujii N, Yamashiro M. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Balle V, Christensen PH (1982) Treatment of zygomatic fractures: a follow-up study of 105 patients. Clin Otolaryngol 7(6):411–416 PubMed CrossRef 2. Bosniak Sl, Tizes Br (1987) Trimalar fractures: diagnosis and treatment. [springermedizin.de]

[…] temporozygomatic suture fractures of the inferior orbital rim and anterior and posterior maxillary sinus walls and/or diastasis of the zygomaticomaxillary suture fracture of the lateral orbital rim and/or diastasis of the frontozygomatic suture Treatment and prognosis [radiopaedia.org]

The prognosis, in general, is good. [news-medical.net]

Prognosis is usually good. Jaw (mandibular) fracture: Prognosis is usually good. Midface (maxillary) fracture People with midface fractures have a poorer prognosis because of other injuries suffered from the accident that caused their fracture. [emedicinehealth.com]

Gillie's approach is used for depressed zygomatic fractures. [4] The prognosis of tripod fractures is generally good. [en.wikipedia.org]

Prognosis Good prognosis is suggested by: Union of bones. Lack of any deformity. Full range of mandibular movement. [patient.info]

the incidence and etiology varies from country to country. [pubs.sciepub.com]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper is to investigate epidemiological data (age, gender), sites, etiology and surgical approach of zygomatic fracture. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Iannetti Etiology and incidence of zygomatic fracture: a retrospective study related to a series of 642 patients Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Year: 2012 Vol. 16 - N. 11 Pages: 1559-1562 [europeanreview.org]

Etiology Zygoma fractures usually result from high-impact trauma. Leading causes of fractures include assault, motor vehicle or motorcycle accidents, sports injuries, and falls. [oralmaxillo-facialsurgery.blogspot.com]

Results: Most of the patients were male (90.0%), the most frequent etiology was a motorcycle accident (70.0%) and the left side was more affected (60.0%). [jstcr.org]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper is to investigate epidemiological data (age, gender), sites, etiology and surgical approach of zygomatic fracture. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Iannetti Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. [email protected] BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper is to investigate epidemiological data (age, gender), sites, etiology [europeanreview.org]

Changing patterns in the epidemiology and treatment of zygoma fractures: 10-year review. J Trauma. 1994 Aug. 37(2):243-8. [Medline]. Manson PN, Clark N, Robertson B, et al. [emedicine.medscape.com]

In article View Article [7] Covington, D.S., Wainwright, D.J., Teichgraeber, J.F., Parks, DH, “Changing pattern in the epidemiology and treatment of zygoma fractures: 10 year review,” Journal of Trauma, 37(2). 243-8. Aug 1994. [pubs.sciepub.com]

Posteriorly the zygoma articulates with the sphenoid bone Pathophysiology: The zygomatic bone acts as an important buttress between the maxilla and skull. Its prominent location makes it prone to fracture during injuries to facial skeleton. [drtbalu.co.in]

Zygoma Fracture (Simple) General Information Zygoma is 2nd most common facial bone fractured Usual causes of arch fractures MVC or altercation Sports injuries Falls Pathophysiology A low impact injury Requires only 50 Gs Fracture pattern Usually 3 fractures [fprmed.com]

The Whitnall tubercle, which serves a critical role in the maintenance of eyelid contour as the attachment site for the lateral canthal tendon, is located on the zygomatic bone 2 mm behind the lateral orbital rim. [3] Pathophysiology The zygoma is the [emedicine.medscape.com]

Associated with these technical and surgical advances, is the in-depth understanding of pathophysiology of fractures. [dmrjournal.org]

Early evaluation and timely intervention can avoid unnecessary treatments and prevent postoperative complications. [e-ceo.org]

In isolated posterior fractures, the infraorbital nerve may block the surgical field, preventing visualization of the fracture site. [docksci.com]

He may also prescribe antibiotics to prevent infection. [webmd.com]

In this scenario, facial trauma surgeons can return the bone fragments to their original positions and stabilize them to prevent further movement during healing. [facialtraumamd.com]

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